Problems on Percentage

1 What is Percentage?

Percentage is an important topic of quantitative aptitude, Percentage is represented by % symbol and it means values per hundred.

Let’s consider following example

40% means 40 out of 100 and mathematically represented as 40/100.

To calculated percentage value let’s consider following example.

We have 20 black pebbles and 10 white pebbles; calculate how many percent black pebbles?

$\frac{100 \times 20}{30} = \frac{200}{30} = 50 \frac{4}{3} = 66 . 66%$

Formula is

$\frac{100 \times Quantity}{Total} = % Quantity$

Simple Percentage Calculator

Quantity

Total

2 Percentage Increase

Percentage increase is calculated when there is increase in initial or base quantity of commodity.

Formula is

$\frac{100 \times Actual Increase}{Initial Quantity} = % Increase$

Let’s consider following example

In year 2015-16 Rice production was 350 Metric Ton and in year 2016-17 Rice production is expected to be 440 Metric Ton, Calculate % increase in Rice Production.

Initial Quantity is 350 Metric Ton

Actual Increase is 440 - 350 = 90 Metric Ton

% Increase = $\frac{100 \times 90}{350} = 25 . 71%$

% Increase Calculator

Actual Increase

Initial Quantity

3 Percentage Decrease

Percentage decrease is calculated when there is decrease in initial or base quantity of commodity.

Formula is

$\frac{100 \times Actual decrease}{Initial Quantity} = % Decrease$

Let’s consider following example

In year 2015-16 Cricketer scored 650 runs in ODI and in year 2016-17 Same cricketer scored 560 runs in ODI, Calculate % decrease in runs scored by cricketer.

Initial Quantity is 650 Metric Ton

Actual decrease is 650 - 560 = 110 Runs

% Decrease = $\frac{100 \times 110}{650} = 16 . 92%$

% Decrease Calculator

Actual Decrease

Initial Quantity

4 Percentage Increase in Consumption

If price of commodity is decreased X% then to keep expenditure constant consumption is increased. Increase in Expenditure can be calculated using following formula.

Formula is

$\frac{X}{(100 - X)} \times 100$

Let’s consider following example

Beans prices decreased by 15%, then to keep expenditure constant consumption is increased by how much?

Decrease in price 15%

% Increase in Consumption = $\frac{15}{(100 - 15)} \times 100$ = 17.64%

% Increase in Consumption Calculator

% Decrease

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