Biology is important topic for MHT CET in PCB group. Pharmacy colleges in Maharashtra take admissions based on HSC and MHT CET score.
Here are 20 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) focused on the Genetic Basis of Inheritance, tailored for students preparing for the Biology MHT CET exam:
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Which scientist is known as the father of genetics?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Gregor Mendel
C) Watson and Crick
D) Rosalind Franklin
What is the phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals (Tt x Tt)?
A) 3:1
B) 1:2:1
C) 9:3:3:1
D) 1:1
Which of the following is an example of a sex-linked trait?
A) Hemophilia
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Sickle cell anemia
D) Huntington's disease
In a dihybrid cross of two heterozygous pea plants (RrYy x RrYy),
what is the expected phenotypic ratio?
A) 3:1
B) 9:3:3:1
C) 1:2:1
D) 1:1:1:1
Which term describes alleles that are both fully expressed in a heterozygote?
A) Codominance
B) Incomplete dominance
C) Complete dominance
D) Recessiveness
Which nucleotide pair bonds would you expect to find in a DNA molecule?
A) Adenine with Guanine
B) Cytosine with Adenine
C) Thymine with Adenine
D) Guanine with Thymine
What does the law of independent assortment state?
A) Alleles of different genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation.
B) The traits of an organism are determined by genes that segregate independently during meiosis.
C) Each allele segregates into gametes independently.
D) Dominant traits mask the presence of recessive traits.
Which process creates genetic variation during meiosis?
A) Cytokinesis
B) Mitosis
C) Crossing over
D) DNA replication
Which term refers to an organism's genetic makeup?
A) Phenotype
B) Genotype
C) Karyotype
D) Biotype
What is a test cross used to determine?
A) The phenotype of an organism
B) Whether an organism exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous
C) The exact sequence of DNA
D) The possible combinations of alleles
Which individual is responsible for discovering the structure of the DNA double helix?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Watson and Crick
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Thomas Hunt Morgan
What is the result of a mutation in the DNA sequence?
A) Improved DNA replication efficiency
B) No change in phenotype
C) Possible changes in the protein coded by the gene
D) Decreased genetic variation
Which concept is demonstrated when a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant produce pink flowers?
A) Codominance
B) Incomplete dominance
C) Complete dominance
D) Multiple alleles
What is meant by polygenic inheritance?
A) A trait controlled by a single gene
B) A trait controlled by multiple genes
C) A trait not influenced by genes
D) A trait influenced only by environmental factors
Mendel's second law of inheritance is known as:
A) Law of Segregation
B) Law of Independent Assortment
C) Law of Dominance
D) Law of Accumulation
Which of the following best describes the concept of multiple alleles?
A) Multiple traits are affected by a single allele.
B) A single trait is affected by two alleles.
C) A single trait is controlled by more than two alleles.
D) Two different traits are controlled by two alleles.
Human blood types are an example of which type of inheritance?
A) Incomplete dominance
B) Codominance
C) Single allele inheritance
D) Sex-linked inheritance
In humans, the ABO blood group system is determined by a gene with how many alleles?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) One
If a person has type AB blood, which of the following statements is true regarding their alleles?
A) They have two A alleles.
B) They have one A allele and one B allele.
C) They have two B alleles.
D) They have one B allele and one O allele.
What possible blood types can the children of a couple where one parent is type A (AO) and the other parent is type B (BO) have?
A) A, B
B) A, B, AB, O
C) A, AB
D) B, O